Assessment of Environmental Noise Levels in Kpansia Market, Yenagoa, Nigeria

Abstract

Environmental noise pollution has become a major public health concern in urban commercial centers owing to increasing human activities and mechanized operations. This study assessed environmental noise exposure in Kpansia Market, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria, using the Equivalent Sound Level (L_eq) approach. Noise measurements were conducted at 21 strategic locations within the market. Measurements were obtained using a TES 1350A digital sound level meter (IEC 61672-1 Class 2) with A/C frequency weighting and fast/slow time weighting for 20 s at each point. The measured noise levels ranged from 65.2 dB(A) in the Bedspread section to 94.6 dB(A) in the Grinding Machine section. The overall equivalent continuous noise level (L_eq) for the market was calculated to be 82.68 dB(A). This value exceeds the recommended daytime limit of 70 dB(A) for commercial areas, indicating significant environmental noise pollution within the market. The Grinding Machine area presented the highest risk, exceeding 90 dB(A). The findings suggest that traders and visitors may be exposed to potentially harmful noise levels, particularly in areas where mechanical equipment is in operation. Comparing with other Nigerian markets shows that the Kpansia Market experiences typical urban market noise exposure in Nigeria. Therefore, the implementation of noise control measures to reduce exposure and improve environmental quality within the market is recommended.