Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized via Modified Hummers Method for Energy Storage Electrodes

Authors

  • Okike Okorie
    National Mathematical Centre, Abuja
  • Medina Umar
  • Abdul Dahiru Ardo Buba

Keywords:

Energy Storage, Graphene Oxide, BET Surface Analysis, Supercapacitors, Williamson -Hall equation

Abstract

Graphene Oxide (GO) nanoparticles of high quality were synthesized using the improved modified Hummers method. Their morphological and structural properties were thoroughly investigated. SEM analysis revealed flake-like, irregular layered fragments typical of GO sheets, with a rough and uneven surface texture resulting from exfoliation and oxidation. XRD analysis showed a distinct peak at ~9.2°, corresponding to the (001) diffraction plane of GO, indicative of increased interlayer spacing due to oxygen functional groups and intercalated water molecules formed during graphite oxidation. The calculated particle size was 10.96 nm with a strain value of 0.1767, determined using the Williamson–Hall equation. BET analysis indicated a specific surface area of 255.66 m²/g and a pore size distribution of 2.137 nm. FT-IR spectra confirmed the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups (hydroxyl, epoxy, and carboxyl), which impart hydrophilicity and chemical reactivity, making GO suitable for composites, membranes, and biomedical applications. Electrochemical evaluation demonstrated favorable performance, with an energy density of 6.54 Wh/kg and a power density of 40.16 kW/kg. EIS analysis further revealed an electrochemical series resistance (ESR) of 13.8 Ω and a charge transfer resistance (Rct) of 107.38 Ω, underscoring the material’s potential for energy storage applications

Author Biography

Medina Umar

HOD, Department of Physics/SNR Lecturer

Dimensions

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Published

2026-06-22

How to Cite

Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized via Modified Hummers Method for Energy Storage Electrodes (O. Okorie, M. Umar, & A. D. Ardo Buba, Trans.). (2026). Nigerian Journal of Applied Physics, 2(1), 220-231. https://doi.org/10.62292/njap-v2i1-2026-65

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Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Nigerian Journal of Applied Physics - Vol. 2 No. 1

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Copyright (c) 2025 Okike Okorie, Medina Umar, Abdul Dahiru Ardo Buba

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized via Modified Hummers Method for Energy Storage Electrodes (O. Okorie, M. Umar, & A. D. Ardo Buba, Trans.). (2026). Nigerian Journal of Applied Physics, 2(1), 220-231. https://doi.org/10.62292/njap-v2i1-2026-65

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